spartina alterniflora reproduction

2019-01-09T21:57:28-08:00 2 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 89/Type/Page>> The purpose of this study was to explore clonal integration of Spartina alterniflora under gradually changing substrate salinity conditions. Faster‐than‐exponential population growth resulted from elevated vegetative growth rate of ‘fit’ hybrids, and increases in their ovule production and vigour of their seedlings, especially under a high recruitment scenario. . Tidal marsh restoration is the focal point for the new San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERRS, 2003, http://nerrs.noaa.gov/SanFrancisco), as 80% of tidal marshes have been lost in the San Francisco estuary in the last century (Goals Project, 1999). <> Cordgrass species produce annual stems that may bear inflorescences of wind‐pollinated flowers. Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore clonal integration of Spartina alterniflora under gradually changing substrate salinity conditions. Snail behavioral preference for flowering stems does not impact Spartina alterniflora reproduction Robyn A. Zerebecki 1,3, *, A. Randall Hughes 2 . The grass can hinder water circulation and drainage or block boating channels. What happens in Vegas, better stay in Vegas: Phragmites australis hybrids in the Las Vegas Wash. Are genetic databases sufficiently populated to detect non-indigenous species?. We analysed each plant sample via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers that amplified species‐specific DNA fragments. Spartina alterniflora, intentionally or unintentionally introduced worldwide, has adversely impacted local Japanese ecosystems. In an evolutionary context, hybrids with exceptional pollen and seed production will be initially favoured by natural selection, leading to the evolution of even more fertile hybrid genotypes. This was repeated two times for each tube. endobj They were sub‐irrigated; 1× a month, 0.5 g per plant of 20‐20‐20 Plantex fertilizer was added to the irrigation water. glabra (Muhlenberg ex Elliott) Fernald, Rhodora 18: 178. obs, see Acknowledgments) and by 1998 the marsh was almost fully vegetated with a mixture of cordgrass plants and solid stands of Sa. Here, the rhizome connections between mother and daughter ramets were either severed or left intact. The elevation limits of S. alterniflora are from mean low water to MHW in its native range on the eastern US coast (McKee & Patrick, 1988); the upper limit of S. alterniflora is determined by interspecific competition with turf‐forming plants (Juncus gerardi and Spartina patens) on the eastern US coast (Bertness & Ellison, 1987). The colonization and successful establishment of hybrid plants has been taking place for over 25 years as our study site was opened to tidal action in 1980, and was dominated by hybrid plants; only a single S. alterniflora plant and four S. foliosa plants were found among the 54 study plants. Seedlings of S. foliosa were abundant in wrack‐generated disturbance patches within a minimally invaded native marsh. Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username, I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of Use, (grains/anther)*(3 anthers/floret) * (no. Vascular – Exotic. The elevation limits of S. alterniflora are from mean low water to MHW in its native range on the eastern US coast (McKee & Patrick, 1988); the upper limit of S. alterniflora is determined by interspecific competition with turf‐forming plants (Juncus gerardi and Spartina patens ) on the eastern US coast (Bertness & Ellison, 1987). 187-195 ISSN: 1366-9516 Subject: In contrast, the invasion of Willapa Bay by S. alterniflora has proceeded at a constant rate of 1.14 per year for 100 years (Civille et al., 2005). pacifica. of florets/inflorescence) * (stems/m2 * proportion flowering) * (plant area). Changfang ZHOU. DNA was extracted from leaf samples using Qiagen DNeasy Plant Mini Kits (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA). A leaf sample 20 cm in length was collected, labelled with indelible ink, and placed on ice or under refrigeration until DNA was extracted (see Daehler et al., 1999 for protocols). Spatial and temporal genetic structure in a hybrid cordgrass invasion. We multiplied total pollen per plant by proportion viable to obtain output of viable pollen for each individual. uuid:4d32aae8-aa87-11b2-0a00-782dad000000 In February 1999, the seed from each of three inflorescences per S. foliosa population or per Cogswell Marsh individual was placed on moist filter paper in a Petri plate each inflorescence was treated as a replicate. Each plant produces a tough rhizome (roots) system. 1), pollen viability and production (Fig. Genetically diverse, introgressive hybrids (Ayres et al., 1999; Anttila et al., 2000; Sloop, 2005) between Spartina foliosa Trin. It is a former salt pond that was restored and opened to tidal action in April 1980. ��1c�p]�RH"�, Reproductive biology of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora). Open mud flat is transformed into elevated meadows when clonal patches coalesce (Feist & Simenstad, 2000 and references therein). We genetically analysed cordgrass plants and seedlings throughout the San Francisco, California, USA, estuary and found that hybrids between exotic Spartina alterniflora and native Spartina foliosa are the principal cordgrass invaders and colonizers. Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Furthermore, our results also provide a reasonable estimate of the relative proportions of hybrid and native seed produced from this marsh. The production of seed from hybrids in 1998 was 3.5 times the seed production of 1999, while seed production from S. foliosa in 1998 was only twice that of 1999. Over several years, we surveyed marshes throughout the Bay for plants displaying any non‐native features identified in Ayres et al., 2004), i.e. Relative proportions of measures of flower and seed production (values divided by the largest value for the variable for each year) to illustrate relative and absolute performance between Spartina foliosa and hybrids over two seasons. Spartina alterniflora var. Hybrid inflorescences had over twice as many flowers as those of S. foliosa (H vs. F: 428.0 (SE = 24.1) vs. 180.0 (SE = 76.7) P < 0.05; Fig. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of saltmarsh Spartina alterniflora from four coastal Louisiana basins. ... Reproduction and Life Cycle. Spartina alterniflora (espartillo de cangrejal o borraza) es una gramínea perenne caducifolia que se halla en áreas inundadas intermareales, especialmente estuarios saladares
spartina alterniflora reproduction 2021