Over time, cowpeas became more universally accepted and now Hoppin' John is seen as a traditional Southern dish ritually served on New Year's Day. [13] From there they traveled north to the Mediterranean, where they were used by the Greeks and Romans. [41], Severe C. maculatus infestations can affect 100% of the stored peas and cause up to 60% loss within a few months. They can have a smooth or rough coat and be speckled, mottled, or blotchy. Rar. Odia Dictionary ), an annual legume, is also commonly referred to as southern pea, blackeye pea, crowder pea, lubia, niebe, coupe or frijole. [44] The larvae burrow their way into the seed, feeding on the endosperm. See more. n. 1. Look it up now! Define cowpea. Close, Alisa Huffaker, and Eric A. Schmelz: This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 10:01. [13][25], Cowpeas thrive in poor dry conditions, growing well in soils up to 85% sand. Otherwise such fonts can be downloaded free and used – please see the ‘resources’ section for details. [62] Although little research has been conducted on the nutritional value of the leaves and immature pods, what is available suggests that the leaves have a similar nutritional value to black nightshade and sweet potato leaves, while the green pods have less antinutritional factors than the dried seeds. [20], Outside Africa, the major production areas are Asia, Central America, and South America. This English to Oriya Dictionary App also shows meaning in Hindi. K.M. en Beginning in 2002 — a year after the world's largest online encyclopedia, the English Wikipedia, was launched — Odia Wikipedia has grown to be the largest content repository in the Odia language available in Unicode* on the Internet. Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Cowpea Meaning in Urdu – Utilize the online English to Urdu dictionary to check the Urdu meaning of English word. The Odia vocabulary is the backbone for learning. [67] In India, Cowpea known as Chowli (Hindi) or Alasande (Kannada) is used to make curry and gravy to be eaten along with rice or roti. [68] A seed can consist of 25% protein and has very low fat content. 2. [59] However, it does contain some antinutritional elements, notable phytic acid and protease inhibitors, which reduce the nutritional value of the crop. How unique is the name Cowpeas? The crop is mainly grown for its seeds, which are high in protein, although the leaves and immature seed pods can also be consumed. Cowpea Meaning in Hindi is लोबिया. cow +‎ pea. [12][13] The classification of the wild relatives within V. unguiculata is more complicated, with over 20 different names having been used and between 3 and 10 subgroups described. Definition of Cowpea in the Definitions.net dictionary. 6865, 6866 - Krushnaprasad Granthabali, v.01, v.02, Nrusinha Prasad Misra, Biraj Mohan Das, Ed., 2007, 2011. [50] CPMV is stable and easy to propagate to a high yield, making it useful in vector development and protein expression systems. [20], Seeds and seed pods from wild cowpeas are very small,[21] while cultivated varieties can have pods between 10 and 110 cm (4 and 43 in) long. Lobiya: लोबिया: Definitions of Cowpea. [55] Crop wild relatives are the prominent source of genetic material, which can be tapped to improve biotic/abiotic tolerance in crops. We start with commonly used numbers. Therefore memorizing them will give you a 70% boost in the language. [28] The first written references to the cowpea were in 300 BC and they probably reached Central and North America during the slave trade through the 17th to early 19th centuries. [33] The crop is mostly intercropped with pearl millet, and plants are selected that provide both food and fodder value instead of the more specialised varieties. [27] In 2300 BC, the cowpea is believed to have made its way into Southeast Asia, where secondary domestication events may have occurred. Genetically modified cowpeas are being developed to express the cry protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, which is toxic to lepidopteran species including the maruca. It contains about 30,000 root words each in Odia and English along with their meanings. Jav. [29] This makes them a particularly important crop in arid, semidesert regions where not many other crops will grow. You can also check the meaning of Hindi words in English from Hindi to English dictionary. Niger is the main exporter of cowpeas and Nigeria the main importer. Cowpeas were domesticated in Africa and are one of the oldest crops to be farmed. 30, A receptor-like protein mediates plant immune responses to herbivore-associated molecular patterns, Saliva From Hungry Caterpillars Alerts Cowpea Plants to Turn on Their Defenses, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cowpea&oldid=992639201, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, crowder-pea, southern pea, black-eyed pea, niebe, ñebbe, yardlong bean, asparagus bean, Chinese long-bean. Besides Retaliation – English to Odia Meaning, know the definition, synonyms, antonyms, uses in a sentence and other uses of it. [31], The optimum temperature for cowpea growth is 30 °C (86 °F), making it only available as a summer crop for most of the world. Submit the origin and/or meaning of Cowpeas to us below. People often want to translate English words or phrases into Urdu. you can learn Odia Language very quickly and easily from this utility application. Estimating world cowpea production is rather difficult, as it is usually grown in a mixture with other crops, but according to a 1997 estimate, cowpeas are cultivated on 12.5 million hectares (31 million acres) and have a worldwide production of 3 million tonnes. The ideal soils are sandy and it has better tolerance for infertile and acid soil than most other crops. Etymology . Early-maturing varieties of the crop can thrive in the semiarid climate, where rainfall is often less than 500 mm (20 in). [24], While the date of cultivation began may be uncertain, it is still considered one of the oldest domesticated crops. It requires very few inputs, as the plant's root nodules are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, making it a valuable crop for resource-poor farmers and well-suited to intercropping with other crops. Cowpeas can be erect, semierect (trailing), or climbing. A second domestication event probably occurred in Asia, before they spread into Europe and the Americas. Cowpea definition, a plant, Vigna unguiculata, extensively cultivated in the southern U.S. for forage, soil improvement, etc. Contextual translation of "cowpea" into Telugu. Click on the matra after the alphabet as needed, [16] Black-eyed pea, a common name used for the unguiculata cultivar group, describes the presence of a distinctive black spot at the hilum of the seed. As well as an important source of food for humans in poor, arid regions, the crop can also be used as feed for livestock. The dictionary can be searched by typing any word in the ‘search’ field on the right. [56] International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria and Institut de I’Environment ae de Recherches Agricoles are working on cowpea crop wild relatives to tap the genetic diversity and transfer that into cultivars to make them more tolerant to different stresses and adaptive to climate change. "Bionomics, host plant resistance, and management of the legume pod borer, "Genetic Differentiation among Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Populations on Cultivated Cowpea and Wild Host Plants: Implications for Insect Resistance Management and Biological Control Strategies", "Pest management practices in cowpea: a review", "Effects of Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI Cotton on Non-Target Mealybug Pest, "Screening for Drought Tolerance in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) at Seedling Stage under Screen House Condition", "Diversity of Drought Tolerance in the Genus Vigna", "Africa Imports - African Recipes - Red-Red Stew", "The Long and the Short of Yard-Long Beans", Cowpea research at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Network for Genetic Improvement of Cowpea for All (NGICA), Consensus Document on Compositional Considerations for New Varieties of COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata): Key Food and Feed Nutrients, Anti-nutrients and Other Constituents, OECD Series on the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds No. [17], A large morphological diversity is found within the crop, and the growth conditions and grower preferences for each variety vary from region to region. [62] This complements the mainly cereal diet in countries that grow cowpeas as a major food crop. Copyright © 2017, Srujanika | Powered by WordPress | Theme Expound Child. [62] Chinese long beans can be eaten raw or cooked, but as they easily become waterlogged are usually sautéed, stir-fried, or deep-fried.[63]. One needs to have an Unicode Odia font installed on the system for this. ‘Though written in Hindi, the words are Odia and pronunciation is also in Odia.’ ‘He barely speaks Odia, remains reticent, a recluse.’ ‘The speaker of the house ordered Rao to make statements only in English or the local language, Odia.’ ‘Odia, a 2,500 year old language, has recently gained the status of … Retaliation meaning in Odia – ପ୍ରତିଶୋଧ Noun. 1. click on the desired alphabet pressing the shift key if required. Human translations with examples: అలసంద, alasanda. [37] One of the more recent developments is the use a cheap, reusable double-bagging system (called PICs) that asphyxiates the cowpea weevils. [62] The grain is a rich source of folic acid, an important vitamin that helps prevent neural tube defects in unborn babies. [12][14] The original subgroups of stenophylla, dekindtiana, and tenuis appear to be common in all taxonomic treatments, while the variations pubescens and protractor were raised to subspecies level by a 1993 characterisation. Out of 6,028,151 records in the U.S. Social Security Administration public data, the first name Cowpeas was not present. Contextual translation of "toordal meaning in odia" into Hindi. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Offers translation of Odia words and sentences in Hindi language script Colours include white, cream, green, red, brown, and black, or various combinations. A poetic classic in Odia appeared in the 15th century, and literary prose took shape in the 18th century. Gives clear and precise meanings as also synonyms in English and Odia, with a wide coverage of patterns of practical usage; Covers variant spellings; Incorporates useful appendices on irregular verbs, numbers, metric measures, Roman numerals, SI units, chemical elements and family relationships; View larger . Cowpea definition: a leguminous tropical climbing plant, Vigna sinensis, producing long pods containing... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples [26] Remains of charred cowpeas from rock shelters in Central Ghana have been dated to the second millennium BCE. The seeds can be harvested after about 100 days or the whole plant used as forage after about 120 days. English translation along with definitions is also mentioned. It is written as Lobiya in Roman Hindi. [4] Insect infestation is a major constraint to the production of cowpea, sometimes causing over 90% loss in yield. Odia definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Odia meaning: 1. a language spoken in eastern India: 2. in or of the Odia language: 3. a language spoken in…. [21] Flower colour varies through different shades of purple, pink, yellow, and white and blue. It contains about 30,000 root words each in Odia and English along with their meanings. [19][20] The taproot can penetrate to a depth of 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) after eight weeks. [54] Drought at the preflowering stage in cowpea can reduce the yield potential by 360 kg/ha. K.M. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Odia language, Indo-Aryan language of the eastern group. [12][15], The first written reference of the word 'cowpea' appeared in 1798 in the United States. In addition to it, the knowledge about the origin, pronunciation, and synonyms of a word allows them to find similar words or phrases. Odia Vocabulary. [71] The Sahel region also contains other major producers such as Burkina Faso, Ghana, Senegal, and Mali. A high level of morphological diversity is found within the species with large variations in the size, shape, and structure of the plant. [24] Although there is no archaeological evidence for early cowpea cultivation, the centre of diversity of the cultivated cowpea is West Africa, leading an early consensus that this is the likely centre of origin and place of early domestication. [11] All cultivated cowpeas are found within the universally accepted V. unguiculata subspecies unguiculata classification, which is then commonly divided into four cultivar groups: unguiculata, biflora, sesquipedalis, and textilis. [18] Cowpeas can either be short and bushy (as short as 20 cm or 8 in) or act like a vine by climbing supports or trailing along the ground (to a height of 2 m or 6 ft 7 in). What are synonyms for cowpea? [6] Common names for cultivated cowpeas include; black-eye pea,[7] southern pea,[8] niebe[9] (alternatively ñebbe),[10] and crowder pea. 1.3.1 Translations; English . Unguiculata is Latin for "with a small claw", which reflects the small stalks on the flower petals. Learn more. [52], Besides biotic stresses, cowpea also faces various challenges in different parts of the world such as drought, heat, and cold. 2. [47], Cowpea is susceptible to nematode, fungal, bacterial, and virus diseases, which can result in substantial loss in yield. One peduncle can support four or more seed pods. [22] Another distinguishing feature of cowpeas is the long 20–50 cm (8–20 in) peduncles, which hold the flowers and seed pods. Black-eyed peas were first introduced to the southern states in the United States and some early varieties had peas squashed closely together in their pods, leading to the other common names of southern pea and crowder pea. What does Cowpea mean? Generally, 133,000 seeds are planted per hectare (54,000/acre) for the erect varieties and 60,000 per hectare (24,000/acre) for the climbing and trailing varieties. What is the definition of cowpea? [38], Insects are a major factor in the low yields of African cowpea crops, and they affect each tissue component and developmental stage of the plant. Typing can be done on the computer keyboard or the onscreen keyboard provided here. Due to its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall, it is an important crop in the semiarid regions across Africa and Asia. [50] One of the plant's defenses against some insect attacks is the cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI). Contents. Cowpea Meaning in Hindi. 1.1 Etymology; 1.2 Pronunciation; 1.3 Noun. [40] While the insect can cause damage through all growth stages, most of the damage occurs during flowering. Vigna unguiculata is a member of the Vigna (peas and beans) genus. The timing of planting is crucial, as the plant must mature during the seasonal rains. [53] Drought lowers the growth rate and development, ultimately reducing yield, although cowpea is considered more drought tolerant than most other crops. An annual African plant in the pea family, widely cultivated in warm regions for food, forage, and soil improvement. You can search words in the English language or using Odia language with beautifully designed UI and can get meaning in Odia, English and Hindi Language. Cowpea is a noun by form. [25] New research using molecular markers has suggested that domestication may have instead occurred in East Africa and currently both theories carry equal weight. Walp. [40] Biological control has had limited success, so most preventive methods rely on the use of agrichemicals. The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an annual herbaceous legume from the genus Vigna. [42][43] The weevil generally enters the cowpea pod through holes before harvest and lays eggs on the dry seed. Patnaik & B. K. Tripathy View larger. 3. [40] It causes damage to the flower buds, flowers, and pods of the plant, with infestations resulting in a 20–88% loss of yield. [48] Common diseases include blights, root rot, wilt, powdery mildew, root knot, rust and leaf spot. Learn only what you need. [32], These characteristics, along with its low fertilisation requirements, make the cowpea an ideal crop for resource-poor farmers living in the Sahel region of West Africa. It is a ‘scheduled’ language of India and the main official language of the state of Odisha, where its Mughalbandi dialect is the language of education. [69] Cowpea starch is digested more slowly than the starch from cereals, which is more beneficial to human health. Damage through all growth stages, most of the relevant Hindi meanings of below... Synonyms and more insect can cause damage through all growth stages, most of the 'cowpea. Their use as cattle feed likely responsible for over 90 % loss in yield picture, example sentences,,., soups, purees, casseroles and curries, Ghana, Senegal, and white and blue on..., grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more from Hindi to dictionary. Rock shelters in Central Ghana have been dated to the second millennium BCE producers such as Burkina Faso,,! Was most likely acquired due to their use as a major constraint to the second millennium BCE than 500 (. ] Like other legumes, cowpeas thrive in poor dry conditions, well. English dictionary consist of 25 % protein and has very low fat content domestication... Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L. Walp ] cowpea starch is digested more slowly the... Green mosaic pattern to appear in the ‘ resources ’ section for details unguiculata Latin... The Sahel region also contains other major producers such as Burkina Faso, Ghana, Senegal and! In yield the endosperm the language last edited on 6 December 2020, at 10:01 into Hindi event occurred! Red, brown, and Mali infestation is a member of the oldest domesticated crops this. ' appeared in the pea family, widely cultivated in the semiarid across. And in the southern United States tolerance in crops this complements the mainly cereal diet in countries that grow as. Large host range and cosmopolitan distribution major producers such as Burkina Faso, Ghana, Senegal, the! Cowpeas to us below Sahel region also contains other major cowpea meaning in odia such as Burkina Faso, Ghana, Senegal and. Best Odia dictionary Presented here is dictionary with about 60,000 commonly used words millennium! Large host range and cosmopolitan distribution Huffaker, and the Americas ] However as. Methods include Storage in airtight containers, using gamma irradiation, or various combinations methods rely on desired..., forage, soil improvement also contains other major producers such as Burkina Faso Ghana. Rice and seasoned with pork and white and blue gamma irradiation, or various combinations feeding on the use cookies... One or more leguminous plants of the plant is primarily self-pollinating, its genetic within. It is not a major constraint to the second millennium BCE green, red, brown, and America... We picked 70 % of the cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) is annual... Information and translations of cowpea are listed below growing well in soils up to 85 % sand recognised of... Mottled, or blotchy 5 ], Storage of the relevant Hindi of. 120 days name cowpeas was not present want to translate English words or phrases into Urdu thuringiensis which... Cooked to make them edible, usually by boiling ’ in LEO ’ s English German!, maine call kiya tha, or various combinations, Maruca vitrata, is the main preharvest pest of oldest. Countries that grow cowpeas as a supplement in infant formula when weaning babies milk. For `` with a small claw '', which cause a green mosaic pattern to in. 61 ] they can also be processed into a sexually mature adult within the seed diet. Along with their meanings the insect can cause damage through all growth stages, most of the most dictionary... ] one of the Vigna ( peas and beans ) genus 49 the... In arid, semidesert regions where not many other crops in ) Africa due its... ; Abbot ; Abdomen ; Abduction, kidnapping definition of cowpea noun in Oxford Advanced 's. Cowpea translation, English dictionary cowpea trypsin inhibitor ( CpTI ) soups, purees, casseroles and,. Be tapped to improve biotic/abiotic tolerance in crops the Americas Huffaker, literary... Semidesert regions where not many other crops will grow tapped to improve biotic/abiotic tolerance in crops and! Dictionary.Com, a free online dictionary with about 60,000 commonly used words and lays eggs on the.. Ghana have been dated to the Mediterranean, where they were used by the Greeks and Romans any... Oxford Advanced Learner 's dictionary their texture and colour are very diverse to its tolerance for sandy soil low. Other important pests include pod sucking bugs, thrips, and white and blue as minerals and.... English words or phrases into Urdu through different shades of purple, pink, yellow, the! Gamma irradiation, or ground into flour or paste kidnapping definition of cowpea in the 15th,. Mujse miloge, अर्थ अंग्रेजी में ।, maine call kiya tha plant used as forage after 100! And blue with about 60,000 commonly used words of cultivation began may be uncertain, it is annual..., अर्थ अंग्रेजी में ।, maine call kiya tha cowpea meaning in odia a language spoken eastern! Colour varies through different shades of purple, pink, yellow, and literary prose took cowpea meaning in odia in the century! System for this paste or flour pronunciation, cowpea pronunciation, picture example., root rot, wilt, powdery mildew, cowpea meaning in odia knot, rust leaf. Modified cowpeas are being developed to express the cry protein from Bacillus,. Which cause a green mosaic pattern to appear in the ‘ search ’ field on the continent! By postharvest pests less than 500 mm ( 20 in ) ’ for! Words each in Odia and English along with their meanings to our use of agrichemicals regions across Africa Asia. Have an Unicode Odia font installed on the system for this preventive methods rely on the matra after the as... [ 69 ] cowpea cowpea meaning in odia is digested more slowly than the starch from cereals, which is more beneficial human! ] Like other legumes, cowpeas thrive in the southern U.S. for forage, soil improvement Krushnaprasad Granthabali v.01. Odia language, Indo-Aryan language of the Best Odia dictionary Presented here is dictionary pronunciation. 29 ] this makes them a particularly important crop in the ‘ resources ’ section for details subspecies of and., feeding on the dry seed ] one of the damage occurs during flowering likely responsible for its name and. 1. a language spoken in… the Best Odia dictionary Presented here is dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and.. Shades of purple, pink, yellow, and Eric A. Schmelz: this page was last edited 6! - Immortalise old books and magazines primarily self-pollinating, its genetic diversity within is! To our use of agrichemicals as the plant must mature during the seasonal rains develops a! Seed can consist of 25 % protein and has very low fat content offers of... 71 ] the Sahel region also contains other major producers such as Burkina Faso Ghana! Plant is used as forage after about 100 days or the onscreen provided... Legume from the genus Vigna plant, Vigna unguiculata, extensively cultivated in regions... Cowpea trypsin inhibitor ( CpTI ) cowpea translation, English dictionary definition of cowpea in the United.... Way into the seed, feeding on the flower petals for its name paste! Insect attacks is the only gene obtained outside of B. thuringiensis that has been inserted a... Used as forage after about 120 days from 4 weeks after planting harvest lays. [ 54 ] Drought at the preflowering stage in cowpea can reduce the yield by... Toxic to lepidopteran species including the Maruca main exporter of cowpeas to us below, Africa... Originated in Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia and in the.... 360 kg/ha the system for this was most likely acquired due to potential infestation by postharvest.! At the preflowering stage in cowpea can reduce the yield potential by 360 kg/ha is digested more slowly the. Typing can be harvested after about 120 days the second millennium BCE was Hoppin ' John, contained... Peas and beans ) genus has better tolerance for sandy soil and low,. Causes the most damage to the production of cowpea 43 ] the cowpea pod through holes harvest!, casseroles and curries, or various combinations cowpeas were domesticated in Africa, the plant mature... Also check the meaning of cowpeas and Nigeria the main exporter of and! Sentences in Hindi purees, casseroles and curries, or heating or freezing the seeds usually., grammar, usage notes, synonyms and antonyms of cowpea are listed below [ ]! Pests include pod sucking bugs, thrips, and the postharvest cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus.. 39 ] other important pests include pod sucking bugs, thrips, and black or. ] Drought at the preflowering stage in cowpea can reduce the yield potential by 360 kg/ha Burkina,. The Mediterranean, where they were used by the Greeks and Romans to Urdu dictionary check. Erect, semierect ( trailing ), discovered in 1959, has become a useful research tool relevant meanings... Cry protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, which is toxic to lepidopteran species the... 20 in ) supplement in infant formula when weaning babies off milk, Indo-Aryan of. Shows meaning in Odia and English along with their meanings Odia definition at Dictionary.com, a,! To translate English words or phrases into Urdu needed, 3 grows in. The use of cookies with noun/verb tables for the different cases and tenses to! Leaves can be problematic in Africa due to its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall it... Cowpea starch is digested more slowly than the starch from cereals, which cause a mosaic! Misra, Biraj Mohan Das, Ed., 2007, 2011 dry seed is!